Magnella

Giulio Corsentini – walrus-moustached, balding, with laughter lines on his cheeks – was wed to Magnella Finelli after her first husband, Ormanno Finelli, was murdered.

At the time, Magnella lived with her mother and sisters in a villa only a horse ride from Corsa. The trees of the orchard had been burnt down and its wine cellar, once bounteous, had been distributed among the houses of the Dugii, and the houses of the families loyal to the Dugii. There remained a king-sized bed and a dining table with fourteen chairs, but everything of worth – the silver, the gold, the china and fine fabrics of cloth and silk – had been stripped from the house.  There were no males. Magnella, being the youngest, slept on a cloak at the foot of her mother’s bed.

Giulio came from a town near the Calpesacate mountains. His father owned fine vineyards and drank, monthly, with the Dugii. When Giulio arrived, he was accompanied by twenty men on horseback, rapiers at their waists. Giulio wore a breastplate, black and dimpled, and rode a white horse, its hair well-combed and its sides sleek and undirtied. The Dugii arrived later, similarly armed, and bearing the banners of their house, a rampant rooster against blood red.

Magnella watched all this from the bedroom window. Her sisters perched on the sill, combing their hair with their hands. ‘He looks handsome,’ one of them said. And on a sunlit day, Magnella conceded, Giulio may have looked handsome. The war had thickened his arms and chest. His hair was rampant with delicious curls and his moustache trimmed and twisted to points.

When Giulio came inside, still cloaked, he was damp from sweat. He bowed to her, kissed the hands of her mother and her sisters, and then finally Magnella herself. One long wet kiss on the back of her hand.

The Dugii concealed their mirth when he sat beside her. Her first husband would have refused to have Giulio in his house, let alone at his table. Now, however, Giulio edged towards her, smiling meekly and wiping sweat from his forehead. He said to her:

‘When they sent me your portrait, my eyes stung from your beauty. Now that I am here, I believe I shall leave this villa blind.’

Magnella said: ‘I suppose one of your poets provided that line. I hope you are paying him poorly because he deserves to starve.’

She was twenty-one. Giulio was thirty five.

The wedding occurred in spring, in a clearing flooded with blooming pink cherry trees. Magnella wore lime-green at Giulio’s insistence and tried to bronze herself with make-up. As part of some well-crafted joke by Ignazio and Valente Dugo, Magnella was to keep the name of Finelli. Giulio, meanwhile, would lose his family name. During the dances Magnella was passed between the men of Dugii and the Corsentinii till her feet ached. Giulio watched from the sidelines; his brothers slapped him on the shoulders.

‘What a fine woman you have wed?’ said the eldest.

Her sister refused a dance and had three of her nails ripped out. Men made her mother drink wine till she was sick. Magnella herself had her dress ripped at by Giulio’s father, then by Valente Dugo, who ran a thumb over her nipple. During the toasts, a Dugii man presented Giulio with Ormanno’s canine, bound on a necklace of sheer silver.

Finally, Magnella was piled into a carriage and they made their way to Corsa.

His fingers fumbled at her corset. Ormanno’s tooth slapped against her face. He grinned while they did it, un-monstrous, child-like. He seemed to think her still a virgin – is this okay? Are you okay? Am I hurting you? She dug her nails into his back, tried to plant her feet so she couldn’t feel it. He came abruptly, wheezing and frowning, and toppled onto his back, slick with sweat.

After he fell asleep, she woke and cleansed herself. She chewed mintleaf on the balcony while the city slept. Above her there were constellations named after the Finellii, below her the streets. She could make out the villa in the hilltops, the party had flowed into the house and all of its windows glowered orangely. She thought: this is it now.

Time passed. Her hair became a thicket of bristling strands, dotted with grey. Crow’s feet emerged about her eyes. Her breasts swelled to great globes and her arse grew dimpled and pocked. She found hairs where she should never find hairs (on her chin, curling into her belly button). On occasion, she caught herself in the mirror, a slumped and sad frog – witch-like, rotting.

The streets were renamed.

A pouch of white, mottled fat heaved and squirmed now beneath Giulio’s shirt. Gravity stole his manhood; his breasts overlapped his stomach, his stomach overlapped his crotch. His teeth rotted and rotted. Veins of rank brown snaked across them. They tapered to points. Magnella offered, on many occasions, to install dentures for him. He refused from misplaced pride.

The constellations were renamed also.

Mists gathered on the canals of Corsa; icicles hung from windowsills; rainfall filled the courtyard of the Finellii manor. From her window, Magnella watched flower heads adrift in the foam. She had on a dark green cloak, which itched when it touched her skin. Beside her stood Tessa Viari, bearing news. She was made to wait.

Out in the courtyard, Giulio was trying to rescue their cat, Kaspar, from the flood. It perched on a tree branch, bolt upright, its yellow eyes flashing in the daylight. It was mewing, shrilly, into the morning air. Giulio had taken off his boots and was in the process of removing his hose.

‘There, there,’ he said. ‘There, there.’

Magnella grunted. ‘I hope it drowns, you know.’

‘The cat?’

‘For now.’ Magnella looked Tessa up and down. ‘You’ve entered unannounced.’

‘I apologise mistress, I come with news.’

She showed Magnella the letter which had arrived that morning; it bore the sigil of the Dugii, the rampant rooster, in wax.

‘Is it today?’

‘Three days late.’

Magnella took the letter from her.

‘I suspect this is some cruel errand they have elected to send me upon.’ She began to cut at the seal with a knife. ‘Last year, a day spent shovelling muck. A year before, ferrying about a beggar boy. Perhaps, this year, they might slip and have me murder my own cat. Not knowing, of course, the cat has that in hand, and all I’ll have to do is bring them the poor thing in a box and weep a little.’

‘I don’t think the cat’ll drown,’ Tessa said.

‘And why is that Tessa Viari? Are you beholden to some cat-based augury? Are you and Kaspar in cahoots?’

‘Cats are patient. Patience makes drowning extremely difficult.’

‘Patience makes starving extremely easy; the poor thing hasn’t eaten now for a day.’

‘He knew help was coming.’

‘Yes,’ Magnella said, and watched her husband hang his hose over both shoulders. He turned to look at the window where she stood. He waved; Magnella did not.

‘One day, regardless of whether the Dugii wish it, I’m going to murder that cat,’ she said and began reading the letter. She sighed, then read it again.

‘Really, he should have a servant fetch the cat,’ said Tessa.

Magnella did not reply. Outside, Giulio had made his way to the base of the tree and was trying to encourage the cat into his arms. Kaspar looked at Giulio and mewed again.

Tessa smirked: ‘He’s not moving without a basket.’

‘Nor an armed escort,’ said Magnella, distracted. She chewed something in the inside of her cheek.

‘Can you get me a boat to Cartane?’ she said.

This time, Magnella thought, lounging on corduroy cushions, the bitches of the Dugii have outdone themselves.

Magnella and Tessa had left Corsa by the grand canal, when the marketeers were setting up. Some called to them, but weak calls, like they were clearing their throats for better custom. Out on the lagoon, ice chunks floated and Magnella, despite her cloak (and Tessa’s cloak) shivered. She could see islands stark against the mist, and, in the far distance, Cartane.

Tessa did not shiver, of course; Tessa just stared towards the destination, frowning. Her face was wrinkled like a turned pomegranate and had fierce, pip-like pupils. She wore her hair cropped, monk-like, and did away with finery – her smocks and gowns, always grey, brown, black. Magnella could not imagine Tessa’s lips, so chapped and purple, kissing other lips.

‘Lagia has still not bled,’ Tessa said. Her fingers fretted at the fringe of her hood; she grimaced when she found loose stitching. ‘I am beginning to become concerned with the girl.’

Magnella heaved a sigh. ‘I am very much aware of your concern Tessa, you are most vocal.’

‘She is sixteen. Do you not worry? If she doesn’t bleed soon we will be unable to marry her.’

‘It is not uncommon.’

‘Nezzetta hasn’t bled yet and, as a result, she is spoiled for us.’

Magnella watched a pair of long-necked swans pass over the water, the tips of their wings cresting the water. Me, she thought, she is spoiled for me.

‘Lagia can’t marry until she’s bled,’ Tessa said. ‘And then it’ll be within a month. The odds-’

‘Shall be considered after Cartane. Let us do one terrible thing at a time.’

The vast tower of Cartane emerged from the mist. Cartane seemed as if made of a dozen structures at once, a maze of shifting stone and uneven work. Archways and spiral staircases ran its length. Crenellations dotted its stone work. Balconies protruded. Statues rose across from towers, towers became arches, arches became bridges and bridges became whole substructures.

At its base were the many graves and tombs of Corsa, but the dead were not bound to the earth. Those who could afford it were buried high, within the tower itself and every new generation wished to be buried higher. If Magnella squinted, she could see scaffolds perched upon the structure where expansions and re-constructions were taking place. And if she squinted harder, the black robed acolytes of Cartane going about their work.

At the pier, a set of crooked steps kinked through the graveyard to the main tower and three sandoli rocked gently. Magnella could glance the gondoliers, asleep beneath the awning. The mark of a great gondolier, her mother once told her, was that they could sleep wherever whenever, and wake, instantly, upon your arrival.

‘Let’s move,’ Magnella said. ‘I want to be off of this dreadful island by noon.’

Magnella made her way uncomfortably up the rain-slick steps. They passed row upon row of gravestones, some chipped and broken, some cleaned by rain. Many lent against the rows before and after, their inscriptions hidden from view. Worm ivy grew in abundance, its white branching roots clawing at the stone.

The door of Cartane’s tower ran towards a single peak, and at its top the figures of Death, Disease and Age were locked in a loving embrace. Around it, their faces turned reverently upwards, were the many heroes and politicians of Corsian history.

Magnella paid a trix to the doorman, huddled with his copper cup.

Inside, darkness, dampness. The roof often sloped to scalping height. Guttered candles lit the way poorly. There were stalactites carved into the stone, a touch which infuriated Magnella. And even here, grave plots had sprung up, carved into the walls and filled with the recent dead.

‘How spectacularly pleasant this whole experience is,’ Magnella said.

Finally, they arrived. An acolyte, old and grey, in complete black, was making notations in a vast ledger. It spanned the length of his desk and each page was as long as Magnella’s arm. On its white page, Magnella saw names and numbers. That’s all that seem to be in the ledger, names and numbers, crammed into the margins, squeezed at the very top and very bottom of the page. Behind the acolyte, shelves decked with sand timers measured time in ounces.

‘Salve citizen,’ the acolyte said, looking up.

Magnella waved his greeting away with a hand. ‘I think it is fairly obvious why I am here. Let us make this painless.’

The acolyte nodded.

‘Understandable.’ he said. ‘Name?’

‘Magnella Finelli.’

‘And the plot you wish to purchase?’

Magnella removed the dispatch from her sleeve.

‘This plot,’ she said and tossed the dispatch onto the book itself. When the acolyte read it, he frowned at her.

‘You understand you are able, and welcome, to purchase a plot within the tower itself?’

‘I do.’

Again, he nodded. ‘There is a modesty to buying a plot so close to the shore. When the annals of Corsa are written, our historians will not be able to look upon your visage or read descriptions of your wealth and titles. This is most modest.’

Magnella brushed both her eyelids with her thumb, the tip came away damp.

‘Do any of the Finelli have plots in the tower?’

‘The modesty of your family has been praise-worthy,’ the acolyte said. ‘There are no Finellii plots located inside the tower, sixty-seven located amongst the grave stones nearest the shore.’

‘Is this grave plot amongst them?’

‘Yes.’

‘How many are at the shoreline?’

‘Seven, this, (he held up the dispatch) is one of the closest.’

‘I see. We are most modest.’

Magnella removed the purse from her sleeve and tossed it onto the book.

‘In fact, the modesty of Magnella Finelli is such that she has even sought to grant the cult of Cartane a generous donation.’

With a nudge, she sent it over to him. The acolyte opened the bag. His eyes seemed to expand.

‘The cult of Cartane thanks you,’ he said.

‘Please,’ Magnella said, wanting to plunge two candles into the man’s eye sockets, ‘speak no more, praise stings my meek and most diffident ears.’

They passed the plot upon their return. Water lapped at the gravestones below; worms heaved in the muck. To the left of the plot, a carpenter of little renown and to its right, a girl, eleven, who died in a fire. The girl’s stone was a mere rock, plunged into the earth. Her inscription had been fashioned with a knife. The carpenter’s marker was an ornate wooden half moon, but snails crawled across its frame and the wood had been half-eaten by worms. During high tide, Magnella thought, the water must drown both of these plots. The fish will chew out my eyes within a week. I will be bones, awash with salt.

‘I, Magnella Finelli, come before you Dionosio Belgradi, first citizen, to propose a marriage between our two houses.’ She paused, many eyes were upon her. ‘The Finellii descend from the ancestors of Corsa, our people were the first to arrive and shall remain till Corsa is ash and its memories wind. History is plump with our deeds.  With no aspersions upon the noble house of Belgradii, and with much humility upon behalf of the Finellii, it is observable by all that your family are new to our city. You have arrived by boat from the Eswen and established yourself within a generation. This is praiseworthy.

‘Now while your house is very much in ascension, you are apart from the noble tradition of Corsa. The houses of the Dugii and the Rutacarii consider you, falsely, an upstart. The Pullii believe you to be merely passing through the streets of Corsa as if vacating. They believe that Corsa is a temporary distraction for the Belgradii, and not a home. The Mastacarii speak of your innocence as if you were but babes and the Fiorinii have all but dismissed you.

‘The House of Finellii thinks different. We see the truth. We see that the Belgradii are a great house and shall continue in greatness. We see that the Belgradii are not upstarts but innovators, that they are at home in Corsa and deserve its respect. A union of our houses would grant you prestige. Your sons and daughters were gain lasting influence within Corsa and its families.

‘My daughter, Lagia, has deep affections for your son, Ottavio. Ottavio himself openly courts her. Our house is bedecked in the many flowers he bequeaths upon her. And although my daughter is unbled and undebutted, I am willing to grant her hand to Ottavio, in advance. A marriage between these young lovers would be a happy one, and would be greatly fruitful for both parties and their children.

‘I have a sizeable dowry with which to buy your good favour and will have my servants send gifts in order to secure this transaction. I come to you humbly with my proposal, and ask only that you take time to consider these well-wrought words.’

Magnella lowered her head and tried to remain still. Opposite her, Dionosio, broad shouldered and chewing upon his thumbnail, sat within a wooden chair, made especially to fit his great height. Ermine fringed his neck, and the gold hand of first citizen clasped his cloak together.

Dionosio’s court was arrayed about him – beards, moustaches, fine shoes and spotless ruffs, necklaces. Men of much ambition and money gathered here. They owned whole streets, knew where cheapest to obtain any material, and bargained, sportingly, for the daughters of noble houses. In the doorway to the back of the room stood Lucio, Dionosio’s secretary and magistrate, a set of notebooks under his arm. Lucio had his cap pushed up to reveal his forehead, and his eyes, steely blue, watched Magnella.

‘Do we have an agreement?’ Magnella said, staring into the patterned rug.

Dionoisio frowned at the sky through the south window. Grey clouds gathered above the terracotta rooftops of the Savenia Novella. From where Dionosio sat, he reached behind him and removed his cap from the back of his chair. It was scrunched into a tight felt ball. With a snap of the wrist, he had it right.

He breathed deeply.

‘Lucio,’ he said, glancing over at his man, ‘What can be done for Magnella Finelli?’

The magistrate stepped forward, his pen raised, a question upon his lips.

Tessa stitched quietly in the belly of the boat. She listened to the lapping of water and the snick, snick, snick of her needles. Tessa’s needles were carved from a shadowwood tree in the Illuro. Her son found them in a market in some western port and brought them back for her. Even in the mid-winter cold the black wood felt warm to the touch.

She knotted the yarn around the right needle, then knotted till she was all the way up. She switched her the right needle to her left hand, then started knotting the rows once more. She believed she would have half the scarf done when Magnella returned.

And return she did. Magnella burst onto the boat, causing the whole sandolo to shake. She gathered up her dresses, angrily, and perched upon the middle bench. She placed her head in her hands, and gripped  her hair.

‘Where too?’ the gondolier said.

‘Does it matter?’

‘Take us home,’ said Tessa and returned to her knitting.

She knotted the yarn around the right needle, then knotted again till she was all the way up. She switched her the right needle to her left hand, then started knotting the rows once more. She did this twice, before she looked up.

Magnella stood above her with a hand outstretched.

‘Give,’ she said and motioned to the needles.

Tessa shook her head. ‘No.’

Magnella’s face hardened. ‘You’ll give.’

Tessa shook her head, and then Magnella grabbed at her. Tessa tugged the needles away. This way, then that way. ‘No,’ she said, ‘no’. Magnella struck her – in the ribs, the shoulders – and swore at Tessa. Water slapped against the rocking boat. The scarf’s thread had unravelled and danced between the pair. Finally, the gondolier stopped the boat and said, ‘ladies, please, please stop’. But then Magnella was squeezing at Tessa’s fingers, at the joints, and Tessa dropped the needles. They clattered towards the stern and the pair turned and made for them.

Magnella got there first. With a palm on Tessa’s forehead, she shoved the woman into the bow. Tessa clattered over the mid-bench, and cracked her head against the gunwale. Magnella, panting, red in the face, held the needles up. Without taking her eyes from Tessa, she tossed the needles, under-arm, across the canal. With a tick-tap, they bounced off a low wall and hit the water.

They sank slowly, the scarf moving like an eel beneath the waves. Tessa watched them fade from view.

‘It did not go well then-’

‘Tessa,’ Magnella said, trying to get her shawl about herself. ‘If you speak once more, I will force a bouquet of nettles into your maidenhood.’

Kasper settled on the windowsill during the late afternoon. He wrapped his tail underneath his back paws, as if underlining them. He squinted at the rain, torrential still, then closed his eyes and nussled his head into his shoulder.

Wind whistled through the courtyard.

Magnella, collapsed on the bed, tried to sleep. For lunch, she had requested feta, peppers (both yellow and green), and red onion, drizzled in olive oil. After that, she’d found a bottle of wine and poured herself a pair of glasses. By the third, she grew tired and ascended to her chambers.  She played now, idly, with a golden stylus her husband had bought her.

She wrote, of course. She wrote as much as possible. She wrote to far off lands – to Calpesacate, Drost Beck, Posunt – and further, to Eswen, to Chaule, even Sokpo. She wrote for dowry loans, repayable at much interest. She wrote for suitors. She wrote to marry Lagia ahead of time. She wrote to well-off families. To her many cousins, requesting their attendance, or their hand. She wrote: ‘Bring only your most handsome and well-coffered friends (ensure they are well coffered first and foremost)’. She wrote: ‘It is with much gratitude I return your missal and again, I beseech you…’ She wrote for her family. For her former husband. For her unborn children.

She did not write now. Instead she dozed, woozy, her face feeling thick and drowsy. Sleep did not come. She rolled over and the doorway was empty. She closed her eyes, and opened them. Now Tessa was there. She held a white sheet.

Magnella sat up, eyelids heavy, and said:

‘Tessa, what is that?’

Tessa raised the sheet into the light, in its centre was a patch of pure red. She held it up as if holding it up was the answer to Magnella’s question. Magnella was too drunk for this game.

‘Again,’ she said. ‘Tessa, what is that?’

‘It is Lagia’s bed sheet.’

‘The girl spilt wine.’

Tessa shook her head.

‘The girl is a woman.’

She held up the sheet once more to the light, and the light shone pinkly through the blood, and for a moment, just a moment, Magnella saw the shadow of a broken cockerel play upon the floor.

Sunday Story – Motley

When the staff unlatch his cell, and show him the steel, coffin-like inside, he doesn’t believe he’ll fit. They find a way. They always, he is told through the teeth of rotten grins, find a way. His stumps ache for months.

This week’s Sunday Story is ‘Motley’.

I have this vision for a far off place, which sits stranded among the stars. It’s name is Byzantium. It has vast towers which glitter with neon. It houses the banks of seven sectors*. Its nobles, if they can be consider nobles, are gluttonous and hungry. It is scuzzy. Its citizens downbeat. Its crime violent.

This is one of perhaps four short stories staring Byzantium. I have yet to publish the others, but they will be coming. Along with something much larger…

Unlike much Science Fiction, the aim of a Byzantium story is not to meditate on the future or put forth a moral argument, the aim instead is to evoke atmosphere, to create strange and wonderful images.

The rules are thus:

  1. A Byzantium story must be no longer than 2,000 words.
  2. One scene must occur in Byzantium itself.
  3. Violence must visit upon the characters.
  4. No frills. Sentences cut to the bone.
  5. Special attention should be paid to colour. Special attention, also, should be paid to the sky.

For now, here is a snapshot. A poor snapshot, too hurried, with its sentences tripping over one another. But, still, a snapshot.

Read here.

_______

*Byzantium perches on the edge of a black hole.  Time moves extra slow. Twenty years in Byzantium is two months out of Byzantium – this does interesting things when it comes to interest and savings accounts.

Cersei’s Silken Gowns – 5 Things You Should Know About Immersion feat. George R.R. Martin

An east wind blew through his tangled hair, as soft and fragrant as Cersei’s fingers. He could hear birds singing and feel the river moving beneath the boat as the sweep of the oars sent them toward the pale pink dawn. After so long in darkness, the world was so sweet that Jamie Lannister felt dizzy. I am alive, and drunk on sunlight. A laugh burst from his lips, sudden as a quail flushed from cover.

‘Quiet,’ the wench grumbled, scowling. Scowls suited her broad homely face better than a smile. Not that Jaime had ever seen her smiling. He amused himself by picturing her in one of Cersei’s silken gowns in place of her studded leather Jerkin. As well dress a cow in silk as this one.

But the cow could row. Beneath her roughspun brown breeches were calves like cords of wood, and the long muscles of her arms stretched and tightened with each stroke of the oars. Even after rowing half the night, she showed no signs of tiring, which was more than could be said for his cousin Ser Cleos, laboring on the other oar. A big strong peasant wench to look at her, yet she speaks like one highborn and wears longsword and dagger. Ah, but can she use them? Jaime meant to find out, as soon as he rid himself of these fetters.

 

1 – Positioning.

For the first two novels of the Game of Throne series, Jamie Lannister is depicted as a villain. He is incestuous, cocksure, a kingslayer. If that’s not enough, the series opens with him pushing a child from a tower. So, when we reach the third installment of the trilogy and Jamie is introduced as a point of view character, and not just introduced but given the first chapter, most audience members may be somewhat perturbed.

Choosing the correct perspective ultimately determines how an audience perceives a story. As such, the best choice of perspective should be married to the content of its story. In Game of Thrones, we visit Westeros, a country plagued by civil war, where morality has become blurred. George R.R. Martin elects to show multiple perspectives of the same conflict with the aim, I believe, of blurring the lines of good and evil.

These perspectives, because they have new information, also serve to keep our engagement throughout. Often in Game of Thrones, what previously we believed to be fact is questioned by further information. Jamie Lannister’s introduction in the third book is a key example of this trope.

Jamie as a point of view character marks an important moment in Storm of Swords. Storm of Swords deals with the fallout of The War of the Five Kings. It is the novel where the dial shifts from power struggle to fallout. As such, now we’re being asked to sympathise with the person who, until now, was the enemy

However, we soon become sympathetic to Jamie. We learn of his feelings of inferiority towards his father; the burden he bears as the Kingslayer and finally, there’s a moment where his best asset, and some might say his personality gets stolen from him.

Why? Because George R.R. Martin is in love with nuance, and chance to bring forth that nuance, to shade and complicate his characters is taken advantage of. George is king of detail, and that’s what I’ll be exploring for the next few points…

2 – Viscerality

I write to tell a story, and telling a story is not at all the same as advancing the plot.

Martin’s has notably praised fantasy’s ability to bring visceral storytelling to life. Strangely, fantasy often appeals to audience’s who wish to escape the real world and as a result, there is a rich tradition of exquisite and layered description. The love of the visceral, the real, the touchable is seen throughout these three paragraphs.

In the first paragraph we have the wind, the birds singing, ‘the pale pink dawn’. Even the simile at the end of the paragraph ‘as sudden as a quail flushed from cover’ draws us not towards abstraction, but instead towards the concrete, the real world.

Most people would dismiss this description, perhaps, as being the opposite of involving; however, I would argue that one of Martin’s keen strengths is his ability to transport a reader to a different place and a different time.

And, of course, there is a point to this, unlike other writers, Martin has to convince his readers that Westeros is real, and, often, this extra work allows them to forget that Westeros has never existed and in fact do the opposite, that is, visit.

3 – Paragraph structure

Plot is one character doing and another character reacting.

If we can break this section into a beat sheet, it would go something like this: Jaime laughs, Brienne tells him to quiet, Jaime sizes Brienne up. On paper, this seems a particular boring sequence of events. Not the concerns of, say, a writer’s who main plot is a lengthy civil war.

However, Martin’s aim here is to introduce a new POV character. One who, up until this point, has been considered a villain. Martin makes this introduction seem simple. Paragraph one introduces us to Jaime alone, ending with a laugh. In paragraph 2, this laugh is picked up upon by Brienne. As such, the remainder of the paragraph concerns her introduction, through the lens of Jaime. (Arguably, this tells us far more about Jaime than any description of him ever could). Finally, in paragraph 3, we learn of Jaime desire to escape.

Each paragraph expands upon the final sentence of the last and expands our picture of this character. Again, considering involvement, George never strays too far from the thread of a paragraph. He is always expanding, contradicting, shifting. The seed of each paragraph can be found in the paragraph preceding it and the seed of the following paragraph in the current one. This means the prose runs smoothly, with each idea leading to the next, making the reader’s comprehension easy and enjoyable.

4 – Style

While much praise (including a lot of this article) has been made about Martin’s approach to plot, immersion and character, Game of Thrones’ success sits partially with its well-honed sentences and paragraphs.

Martin’s style tends to be crystal-clear. Furthermore, Martin seems to relish adjectives and specifics of his characters and his world.

He amused himself by picturing her in one of Cersei’s silken gowns in place of her studded leather Jerkin.

These aren’t just clothes they are ‘one of Cersei’s silken gowns’ or ‘a studded leather jerkin’. These details abound throughout: ‘roughspun brown breeches’, ‘broad homely face’. Attention to detail displays an appreciation for nuance. Nuance tells us a writer cares, the writer isn’t being vague and unwieldy, they are telling us exactly how it is, exactly how it’s pictured, and with nuance and fine detail comes interest.

(Let us also remember that George R.R. Martin is trying to create a world which has a degree of relativism and grey/blue morality – so for the style to match, the style must appreciate the uniqueness of everyday objects.)

The best writers of fiction are observers. When we read, we are experiencing the viewpoint of someone else – the author – and like a good date, that viewpoint should be informed and interesting, observant and detailed. Martin is very much on the side of that, humble, but assured – a kind host.

5 – Characterisation

An east wind blew through his tangled hair, as soft and fragrant as Cersei’s fingers

If Jamie’s name wasn’t plastered at the top of the chapter, we’d still know it was him. We know Jamie because Jamie is a swordsmen. He has weighed up Brienne with her ‘calves like cords of steel’ and knows she ‘wears a longsword and dagger’. He has weighed up Ser Cleos ‘labouring on the other oar.’ He is cocky and confident. He is, in short, himself.

Martin writes great characters. We’ve already mentioned detail and nuance, but the same rules apply. We sense that these are people and we sense too, why they act the way they do. We know why Jamie pushes Bran from a tower, we know why he decides to slay the king, we know why, eventually, he frees Tyrion. We know, subsequently, why Catelyn frees him to free her children. We know because they’re detailed, they’re subtle, they’re, in short, fleshed out.

This is all very well, but Martin does something much more important: he treats them like shit. The human heart is drawn, unstoppably, towards the under-dog. So, when we see a character and the character is forced into a situation where their abilities are compromised, we become sympathetic. Bran loses his ability to climb and becomes a cripple. Jon Snow is a bastard among high-borns and then a high-born among bastards.

Whenever the odds are stacked against our characters, we side with the character, not the odds.

That’s why the most important tool in Martin’s arsenal is not the visceral details of his descriptions, nor the positioning of Jamie as point of view character, nor the fantastic depths of his characters and their motivations. Instead, the most important tool when it comes to the audience’s sympathies are the object which are keeping Jamie from being Jamie: the fetters which bind him.

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A note on the construction of this article: I was at my wits end trying to get this to work. I had a thesis, I had an idea how it was to come out and I had a large number of words. However, it just wasn’t binding together. Then I thought, what question am I trying to answer here! The Question: How does George R.R. Martin keep his audience involved? Once I had that, the whole thing started to fall into place. This is an important thing to remember. There’s no such thing as a bad answer, only a bad question.

 

12. Boxes

To hit the daily dispatch goal, I have to dispatch daily. But I’m out of ideas, and I’m exhausted, word-wise; my head feels filled, hazy. So this is what I’m going to do, I’m going to make boxes – I’m going to make boxes and work within them.

I admit that most of this is shallow pyrotechnics of the worst kind.

What the main difference between a short story and a novel? Three sentences.

The main difference is length – short stories are naturally shorter and therefore require compression and a faster pace than a novel. The advantage of a novel is that you can afford to be a lot looser and lot more explorative. The advantage of a short story is pace and work load, you can get in and out very quickly – annoyingly most people ignore the short story and focus on the novel, this is foolish.

Not bad. Tell me why entertainment is good. 10 sentences all starting with the word ‘entertainment’.

Entertainment is often seen as a bad word. Entertainment, we’re told, mostly by the snooty heads, is shallow, stupid and bad for us. Entertainment is therefore frowned upon. Entertainment should not be frowned upon. Entertainment should be rightly praised. Entertainment should be the first touchstone of excellence. ‘Entertainment’ – as in this was Entertainment or this was entertaining should be a requirement of everything we watch, listen to, or absorb in any capacity. Entertainment is, according to the dictionary, the action of providing or being provided with amusement or enjoyment. Entertainment should be our sole quest. Entertainment should be considered hallowed ground, the holy grail, because being entertained is when we’re gooey enough for those other big words like ‘meaning’ and ‘happiness’ to sneak up on us.

Slipped up near the middle there, but we’ll let it slide. Why boxes? – 20 words exactly.

Boxes provide limitations. Limitations force solutions. And creativity is really just solving problems in interesting ways. Use boxes when stuck.